The harbour city

Welcome to Sydney

Sydney Guide · Chapter 1 of 9

Sydney is the one Australian city that needs no introduction and the one that most needs a clear guide. The largest health system in the country, a spectacular setting, and housing costs that will shape every other decision you make. This guide is about making that trade with your eyes open.

A city built around water

The Sydney Harbour Bridge lit up at night from the Kirribilli foreshore
The Harbour Bridge after dark

Around five and a half million people live around a drowned river valley — which is why Sydney has no single centre but dozens, and why a journey of four kilometres can take forty minutes. The harbour, the beaches and the national parks that press in from three sides are not scenery here; they are the reason people put up with the rest.

For clinicians the draw is scale. New South Wales runs the country’s largest public health system, and the greater Sydney share of it carries the deepest bench of tertiary and quaternary services, the biggest teaching hospitals, and specialist units that take national referrals. If your field is narrow, or you want to work at the very top of it, the density here is unmatched.

The cost is money. Sydney is one of the least affordable cities in the world for housing, and the gap between an inner-suburb life and an outer-suburb one is wider than in any other Australian city. Everything in this guide is written with that fact in the room.

Who wrote this
  • Ethicare is a healthcare recruitment company. This guide is free to read, asks nothing of you, and does not give visa advice.
  • Sydney is the city candidates most often name first and research least. We will tell you plainly when the sums do not work, and which other city gives you the same career for a great deal less.

The city, in nine numbers

~5.5M
People in Greater Sydney — the largest city in Australia, and the largest health system with it.
~100
Beaches inside the metropolitan area, from Palm Beach in the north to Cronulla in the south.
~70 km
From the eastern beaches to the western edge of the metro area. This is a very large city.
Deepest
Bench of tertiary and quaternary services in Australia, spread across several local health districts.
Least
Affordable housing in the country, and among the least affordable in the world. Plan around it.
1 hr
To the Blue Mountains, a World Heritage escarpment that starts at the edge of the suburbs.
UTC+10
With daylight saving — long summer evenings on the harbour, and mild winters by any standard.
~40%
Of residents were born overseas. Whatever you left behind, there is a community here already.
2
Airports, once the western one opens fully — and the busiest domestic route in the country to Melbourne.

Six things you only learn once you’re here

Rent decides everything
Where you live sets your commute, your savings and your weekends. Most newcomers rent smaller and further out than they expected, and adjust after a year.
The harbour is transport
Ferries are ordinary commuting on the same card as the trains, and the best twenty minutes of anyone’s working day.
Distance is measured in time
Nobody says kilometres here. Four kilometres across the harbour can be forty minutes; twenty by ferry can be pleasant.
The beach is a routine
Ocean pools, dawn swims, the coastal walks. People do this before work, year-round, and it is the compensation for the rent.
Summer has teeth
Humid heat, and in bad years bushfire smoke that closes windows across the city. It is the part the postcards leave out.
There is no one Sydney
The east, the north shore, the inner west and the greater west are different cities with different prices, cultures and hospitals.
A note on Country
  • Sydney stands on the lands of the Gadigal and other clans of the Eora Nation, and Warrane is the name for the harbour’s cove where the colony began. This is where the colonial history of Australia starts, and the city carries that weight.
  • Acknowledgement of Country opens meetings, and health services work in partnership with Aboriginal community-controlled organisations. Take the cultural induction seriously.

How to read this guide

Nine chapters, all about Sydney specifically. Topics true across the state — regional New South Wales, the state health structure — sit in the New South Wales guide. Anything true of Australia generally — Medicare, visas, Ahpra registration, tax, superannuation, schools — lives once in Moving to Australia.

If you read nothing else, read Why Sydney for the full case — and what we’d ask you to weigh, and Cost of living, because in this city the money question comes before the suburb question.

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